Corrigendum: Three Decades of Adolescent Health: Unveiling Global Trends Across 41 Countries in Psychological and Somatic Complaints (1994–2022)

Schrijvers, Karen; Cosma, Alina; Potrebny, Thomas; Thorsteinsson, Einar; Catunda, Carolina; Reiss, Franziska; Hulbert, Sabina; Kostičová, Michaela; Melkumova, Marina; Bersia, Michela; Klanšček, Helena Jeriček; Gaspar, Tania; Dierckens, Maxim

doi:10.3389/ijph.2025.1609116

CORRECTION

Int. J. Public Health, 23 October 2025

Volume 70 - 2025 | https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2025.1609116

Corrigendum: Three Decades of Adolescent Health: Unveiling Global Trends Across 41 Countries in Psychological and Somatic Complaints (1994–2022)

Karen Schrijvers ¹^*

Alina Cosma ^2,3

Thomas Potrebny ⁴

Einar Thorsteinsson ⁵

Carolina Catunda ⁶

Franziska Reiss ⁷

Sabina Hulbert ⁸

Michaela Kostičová ⁹

Marina Melkumova ¹⁰

Michela Bersia ¹¹

Helena Jeriček Klanšček ¹²

Tania Gaspar ¹³

Maxim Dierckens ¹

1. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
2. School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
3. Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
4. Department of Health and Functioning, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
5. School of Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
6. Department of Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
7. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
8. Centre for Health Services Studies (CHSS), University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
9. Institute of Social Medicine and Medical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
10. Arabkir Medical Centre, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Yerevan, Armenia
11. Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
12. National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
13. School of Psychology and Life Sciences, SPIC/Hei-Lab/Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal

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Three Decades of Adolescent Health: Unveiling Global Trends Across 41 Countries in Psychological and Somatic Complaints (1994–2022)
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A Corrigendum on Three Decades of Adolescent Health: Unveiling Global Trends Across 41 Countries in Psychological and Somatic Complaints (1994–2022) by Schrijvers K, Cosma A, Potrebny T, Thorsteinsson E, Catunda C, Reiss F, Hulbert S, Kostičová M, Melkumova M, Bersia M, Klanšček HJ, Gaspar T and Dierckens M (2024). Int J Public Health. 69:1607774. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607774

There was a mistake in Table 3 as published. The headers in the first two rows in table three were off. The corrected Table 3 appears below.

TABLE 3

	Trend until 2018				Trend until 2022
	Psychological complaints		Somatic complaints		Psychological complaints		Somatic complaints
Country/region	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls
Armenia^e	—	—	—	Linear decrease	—	Quadratic—U-shaped*	—	Quadratic—U-shaped*
Austria^a	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped	—	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Quadratic—U-shaped	Linear increase*	Quadratic—U-shaped*
Belgium—Flanders^a	—	Linear increase	Quadratic—inverted U-shaped	Cubic	Cubic*	Cubic*	Linear increase*	Quadratic—U-shaped*
Belgium—Wallonia^a	Quadratic—U-shaped	Quadratic—U-shaped	Quadratic—inverted U-shaped	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped	Cubic*	—*	Linear increase
Bulgaria^d	Quadratic—U-shaped	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped	—	Cubic*	Linear increase	Linear increase*	Cubic*
Canada^a	—	Quadratic—U-shaped	—	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Quadratic—U-shaped	—	Quadratic—U-shaped*
Croatia^c	—	Quadratic—U-shaped	—	—	—	Quadratic—U-shaped	—	Quadratic—U-shaped*
Czechia	Linear increase	Linear increase	—	Quadratic—inverted U-shaped	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped*	—	Cubic*
Denmark^a	Linear increase	Linear increase	Linear increase	Linear increase	Linear increase	Cubic*	Linear increase	Cubic*
England^b	Cubic	Linear increase	—	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Cubic*	Cubic*	Cubic*
Estonia^a	—	Cubic	—	Cubic	Cubic*	Cubic	Cubic*	Cubic
Finland^a	—	Quadratic—U-shaped	Linear increase	Linear increase	Linear increase*	Quadratic—U-shaped	—*	Cubic*
France^a	Quadratic—U-shaped	Quadratic—U-shaped	Cubic	Quadratic—inverted U-shaped	Quadratic—U-shaped	Quadratic—U-shaped	Linear increase*	Cubic*
Germany^a	—	Quadratic—U-shaped	—	Linear increase	Cubic*	Cubic*	Linear increase*	Quadratic—U-shaped*
Greece^b	Linear decrease	Cubic	—	—	Cubic*	Cubic	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Cubic*
Greenland^a	—	Linear increase	Linear increase	Linear increase	Linear increase*	Linear increase	Linear increase	Linear increase
Hungary^a	—	Cubic	Linear increase	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Cubic	Linear increase	Cubic*
Iceland^d	—	Linear increase	—	Cubic	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Quadratic—U-shaped*	/	Quadratic—U-shaped*
Ireland^b	—	Linear increase	—	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Linear increase*	Linear increase
Israel^a	Linear decrease	—	—	—	—*	Cubic*	Quadratic–inverted U-shaped*	Cubic*
Italy^c	—	Linear increase	—	Linear increase	Linear increase*	Quadratic—U-shaped*	/	Linear increase
Latvia^a	Linear increase	Linear increase	Linear increase	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Cubic*	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped*
Lithuania^a	—	Cubic	Quadratic - inverted U-shaped	—	Cubic*	Cubic	Quadratic-inverted U-shaped	Cubic*
Luxembourg^d	—	Cubic	—	—	Linear increase*	Quadratic—U-shaped*	—	—
North-Macedonia^c	—	Quadratic—U-shaped	—	—	Linear increase*	Quadratic—U-shaped	Linear increase*	Linear increase*
Malta^c	—	Linear increase	Linear increase	Linear increase	—	Linear increase	Linear increase	Linear increase
Netherlands^c	—	Linear increase	—	Cubic	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Linear increase*	Linear increase*
Norway^a	—	Linear increase	—	—	Cubic*	Linear increase	—	Linear increase*
Poland^a	Cubic	Cubic	Quadratic—inverted U-shaped	Linear increase	Cubic	Cubic	Linear increase*	Cubic*
Portugal^b	Quadratic—U-shaped	Quadratic—U-shaped	—	—	Quadratic—U-shaped	Quadratic—U-shaped	/	Quadratic—U-shaped*
Romania^d	—/	Quadratic - U-shaped	—	—	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Quadratic—U-shaped	/	Cubic*
Russia^a	—	—	Quadratic—inverted U-shaped	Linear increase	—	—	—	—
Scotland^a	Quadratic—U-shaped	Quadratic—U-shaped	—	Quadratic—U-shaped	Quadratic—U-shaped	Quadratic—U-shaped	Linear increase*	Quadratic—U-shaped
Slovakia^a	Linear increase	—	Linear increase	Linear increase	Cubic*	Cubic*	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped*
Slovenia^c	Quadratic—U-shaped	Cubic	—	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped	Cubic	Linear increase*	Linear increase
Spain^c	Linear decrease	Linear decrease	—	Linear decrease	Linear decrease	Quadratic—U-shaped*	—	Linear decrease
Sweden^a	Linear increase	Linear increase	—	Linear increase	Cubic*	Cubic*	Linear increase*	Cubic*
Switzerland^b	—	Quadratic—U-shaped	—	Linear increase	Linear increase*	Cubic*	Linear increase*	Cubic*
Ukraine^c	Quadratic—U-shaped	Cubic	Cubic	—	—	—	—	—
USA^b	Linear decrease	Cubic	—	—	—	—	—	—
Wales^a	Cubic	Quadratic—U-shaped	—	Linear increase	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Quadratic—U-shaped	Quadratic—U-shaped*	Cubic*
Total number of countries with
Linear decrease	4	1	0	2	1	0	0	1
Linear increase	6	14	7	20	8	4	19	9
Quadratic—inverted U-shaped	0	0	5	2	0	0	2	0
Quadratic—U-shaped	7	13	1	1	15	18	2	11
Cubic	3	9	2	4	10	16	2	16
None (—)	21	4	26	12	4	0	13	1

Overview of time trend patterns for psychological and somatic complaints by gender and country for 1994–2018 and 1994–2022 (Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study, 41 countries).

* = Different trend pattern for 1994–2018 and 1994–2022;

Data since 1994.

Data since 1998.

Data since 2002.

Data since 2006.

Data since 2010.

The first published incorrect version of the article has been updated.

Summary

Keywords

adolescence, mental health, gender differences, cross-national, HBSC

Citation

Schrijvers K, Cosma A, Potrebny T, Thorsteinsson E, Catunda C, Reiss F, Hulbert S, Kostičová M, Melkumova M, Bersia M, Klanšček HJ, Gaspar T and Dierckens M (2025) Corrigendum: Three Decades of Adolescent Health: Unveiling Global Trends Across 41 Countries in Psychological and Somatic Complaints (1994–2022). Int. J. Public Health 70:1609116. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2025.1609116

Received

22 September 2025

Accepted

24 September 2025

Published

23 October 2025

Volume

70 - 2025

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*Correspondence: Karen Schrijvers, karen.schrijvers@ugent.be

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Corrigendum: Three Decades of Adolescent Health: Unveiling Global Trends Across 41 Countries in Psychological and Somatic Complaints (1994–2022)

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